The Paediatric Hospital Level Standard Treatment Guidelines (STGs) and Essential Medicines List (EML) currently recommends the use of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) as part of the first-line antiretroviral treatment regimen in children from 1 month of age 1. This is currently supplied as a solution (80/20mg/ml). The poor palatability of the solution may result in spitting out, vomiting or refusal of medication and thereby affect adherence to treatment. LPV/r pellets (40/10mg per capsule) is recommended for children over the age of 6 months, who cannot tolerate the LPV/r solution. This formulation requires initiation by a doctor.